@techreport{ilprints863,
          number = {2002-21},
            type = {Technical Report},
           title = {Streaming Live Media over Peers},
          author = {Hrishikesh Deshpande and Mayank Bawa and Hector Garcia-Molina},
       publisher = {Stanford InfoLab},
            year = {2002},
     institution = {Stanford InfoLab},
             url = {http://ilpubs.stanford.edu:8090/863/},
        abstract = {The high bandwidth required by live streaming video greatly limits the number of clients that can be served by a source using unicast. An efficient solution is IP-multicast, but it suffers from poor deployment. Application-level multicast is being increasingly recognized as a viable alternative.  In this work, we discuss and evaluate a tree-based overlay network called {\em PeerCast} that uses clients to forward the stream to their peers. PeerCast is designed as a live-media streaming solution for peer-to-peer systems that are populated by hundreds of autonomous, short-lived nodes. Further, we argue for the need to take end-host behavior into account while evaluating an application-level multicast architecture. An end-host behavior model is proposed that allows us to capture a range of realistic peer behavior. Using this model, we develop robust, yet simple, tree-maintenance policies. Through empirical runs and extensive simulations, we show that PeerCast provides good QoS, which gracefully degrades with the number of clients.  We have implemented a PeerCast prototype, which is available for download. }
}