%0 Report
%9 Technical Report
%A Graham, Adrian
%A Garcia-Molina, Hector
%A Paepcke, Andreas
%A Winograd, Terry
%D 2002
%F ilprints:558
%I Stanford InfoLab
%K Photo browser, image browser, Personal Digital library, time-based clustering, ACDSee, summarization, time-based navigation, burst identification
%T Time as Essence for Photo Browsing Through Personal Digital Libraries
%U http://ilpubs.stanford.edu:8090/558/
%X We developed two photo browsers for collections with thousands of time-stamped digital images. Modern digital cameras record photo shoot times, and semantically related photos tend to occur in bursts. Our browsers exploit the timing information to structure the collections and to automatically generate meaningful summaries. The browsers differ in how users navigate and view the structured collections. We conducted user studies to compare the two browsers and a commercial image browser. Our results show that exploiting the time dimension and appropriately summarizing collections can lead to significant improvements.  For example, for one task category, one of our browsers enabled a 33% improvement in speed of finding given images compared to the commercial browser. Similarly, users were able to complete 29% more tasks when using this same browser.